Pemetaan Sikap Penyesuaian Diri Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi Pasca Kegiatan Pengenalan Budaya Akademik dan Kemahasiswaan (PBAK)
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Jun 15, 2023
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the mapping of adjustment attitudes of BKPI students in tertiary institutions after the Introduction to Academic and Student Culture (PBAK) activities in terms of various dimensions of adjustment, gender and regional origin. This study uses a descriptive quantitative research method with a survey research design. The subjects of this study were BKPI students batch 2019 at IAIN Salatiga, totaling 89 students. Extracting data using questionnaires, observations, interviews and documentation then the results of the questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive percentage tables. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The implementation of PBAK 2019 can be accepted by students which correlates with the adjustment attitude of BKPI IAIN Salatiga students with a good percentage rate of 85.39% or 76 respondents and only 1.12% or 1 respondent who shows a very low level of adjustment. 2) The attitude of adjustment of BKPI IAIN Salatiga students after the 2019 PBAK activities can be mapped in various dimensions, the attitude of academic adjustment is at the good category level with a percentage of 73.03%. In the attitude of social adjustment (social adjustment) is at the good category level with a percentage of 71.91%. In the attitude of personal-emotional adjustment (personal-emotional adjustment) is at the good category level with a percentage of 62.92%. Meanwhile, the attitude of institutional adjustment is at a good category level with a percentage of 69.66%. 3) There is a similarity in the adjustment attitude of Islamic Education Guidance and Counseling students at IAIN Salatiga Post PBAK 2019 in terms of male and female gender. 4) Self-adjustment of Islamic Education Guidance and Counseling students at IAIN Salatiga Post PBAK 2019 seen in terms of regional origin (local and immigrants) explains that local students are better in terms of adjustment compared to immigrant students in various dimensions of academic, social, personal adjustment emotional and institutional.
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Maghfur, S. (2023). Pemetaan Sikap Penyesuaian Diri Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi Pasca Kegiatan Pengenalan Budaya Akademik dan Kemahasiswaan (PBAK). Journal on Education, 6(1), 3717-3729. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i1.3472
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References
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Arikunto, S. (2013). Dasar-dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
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Beyers, W., & Goossens, L. (2002). Concurrent and predictive validity of the student adaptation to college questionnaire in a sample of european freshman students. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62, 527–538.
Brook, C. A., & Willoughby, T. (2015). The Social Ties That Bind: Social Anxiety and Academic Achievement Across the University Years. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(5), 1139–1152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0262-8
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Credé, M., & Niehorster, S. (2012). Adjustment to College as Measured by the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire: A Quantitative Review of its Structure and Relationships with Correlates and Consequences. Educational Psychology Review, 24(1), 133–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-011-9184-5
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Downey, P. (2005). An exploration of the adjustment processes of freshmen student-athletes and non athlete student (Disertasi). West Virginia University, Virginia.
Edward, A., & Markus, M. (2010). Problems of Democratisation in Indonesia: An Overview,” In Problems of Democratisation in Indonesia: Elections, Institutions and Society. Singapura: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Eshun, S. (2006). Relationship Between Outlook To Life And College Adjustment: An Analysis Of The Role Of Optimism In Stres Appraisal And Overall Mental Health Among College Students. New York: Nova Science Publisher.
Estrada, L., Dupoux, E., & Wolman, C. (2005). The Personal-Emotional Social Adjustment of English-Language Learners to a Community College. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 29(7), 557–568. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668920590954015
Gunarsa, S. D., & Yulia, G. (2001). Psikologi Praktis Anak, Remaja dan Keluarga. Jakarta: Gunung Mulia.
Hastuti, S. M. M., & Sinaga, J. D. (2015). Program Pemantapan Penyesuaian Diri Dengan Bimbingan Dan Konseling Kelompok Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT): Model pendampingan mahasiswa baru. Jurnal Kependidikan, 27, no. 2.
Hidayah, R. (2019). Self-Concept and Social Adjustment of First-Year Students. GATR Journals, 5(2).
Hilgard, E. R., & Atkinson, R. C. (1967). Introduction to Psychology. New York: Brace and World Inc.
Hutz, A., Martin, W. E., & Beitel, M. (2007). Ethnocultural Person—Environment Fit and College Adjustment: Some Implications for College Counselors. Journal of College Counseling, 10(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2007.tb00013.x
Iskandar. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Sosial. Jakarta: Referensi.
Kaljahi, N. E. (2016). The Effects of Academic Adjustment, Social Adjustment and Personal-Emotional Adjustment of Students on Their Academic Performance in Universities of Northern Cyprus. Political Science, 54(2). Retrieved from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Effects-of-Academic-Adjustment%2C-Social-and-of-Kaljahi/24b6fc029b9a3c88f738d3aa6429b260f4bbd72c
Kurdek, L. A. (1987). Sex role self schema and psychological adjustment in coupled homosexual and heterosexual men and women. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 17(9–10), 549–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00287735
Levinson, E. M., & Folino, L. (1994). The Relationship Between the WISC-III and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test with Students Referred for Gifted Evaluation. Special Services in the Schools, 8(2), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1300/J008v08n02_09
Lipka, O., Sarid, M., Aharoni Zorach, I., Bufman, A., Hagag, A. A., & Peretz, H. (2020). Adjustment to Higher Education: A Comparison of Students With and Without Disabilities. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00923
Margono, S. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Mehboob, S., & Shahzad, S. (2019). International Students’ Social Adjustment and Self-Esteem: Are they Interrelated? Global Regional Review, IV(I), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-I).21
Misra, R., & Castillo, L. G. (2004). Academis Stress Among College Students: Comparison of American and International Students. International Journal of Stress Management, Vol.11, No.2, 132–148.
Mudhovozi, P. (2012). Social and Academic Adjustment of First-Year University Students. Journal Social Scienc, 33 (2), 251–259.
Olani, A. (2009). Predicting First Year University Student Academic Succes. Electronical Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 7 (3), 1053–1072.
Priyatno, D. (2010). Paham Analisa Statistik Data dengan SPSS. Yogyakarta: MediaKom.
Ramsay, S., Barker, M., & Jones, E. (1999). Academic Adjustment and Learning Processes: A comparison of international and local students in first‐year university. Higher Education Research & Development, 18(1), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/0729436990180110
Riduwan. (2002). Skala Pengukuran Variabel-Variabel Penelitian. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Santrock, J. W. (2002). Adolescence: Perkembangan Remaja. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Schneiders, A. A. (2005). Personal Adjustmen and Mental Healt. New York: Rinehart and Winston.
Shankland, R., Genolini, C., Riou França, L., Guelfi, J.-D., & Ionescu, S. (2010). Student adjustment to higher education: The role of alternative educational pathways in coping with the demands of student life. Higher Education, 59(3), 353–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9252-7
Strahan, E. Y. (2003). The effects of social anxiety and social skills on academic performance. , , . Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 347–366.
Sugiyono. (2008). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan; Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sukmadinata, N. S. (2005). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Taylor, M. A., & Pastor, D. A. (2005). A Confirmatory factor analysis of the student adaptation to college questionnaire. San Diago: Association of Institutional Research.
Thomas, D. M., Love, K. M., Roan-Belle, C., Tyler, K. M., Brown, C. L., & Garriott, P. O. (2009). Self-Efficacy, Motivation, and Academic Adjustment among African American Women Attending Institutions of Higher Education. The Journal of Negro Education, 78(2), 159–171. JSTOR. Retrieved from JSTOR.
Tomlinson-Clarke, S. (1998). Dimensions of Adjustment among College Women. Journal of College Student Development, 39(4), 364–372.
Waller, T., O. (2009). A mixed method approach for assessing the adjustment of incoming-firt year engineering student in a summer bridge program (Dissertation). Graduate Faculty of The Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Winkel, W. S. (2005). Bimbingan dan konseling di Institusi Pendidikan. Jakarta: Media Abadi.
Winter, M. G., & Yaffe, M. (2000). First Year Student Adjustment To University Life As A Function Of Relationship With Parents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 15, 19–37.
Zubir, D. M. (2012). Hubungan antara Psychological Well-Being dan College Adjustment pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Universitas Indonesia (Skripsi). Universitas Indonesia, Depok.
Abe, J., Talbot, D. M., & Geelhoad, R. J. (1998). Effects of peer program on international student adjustment. Journal of College Student Development, 39, No. 6.
Ahkam, A., M. (2004). Hubungan antara efikasi diri dan religiusitas dengan kemampuan penyesuaian diri mahasiswa (Thesis). Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Ali, M., & Asrori, M. (2005). Psikologi Remaja Perkembangan Peserta Didik. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Allan, N. P., Norr, A. M., Capron, D. W., Raines, A. M., Zvolensky, M. J., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015). Specific Associations between Anxiety Sensitivity Dimensions and Fear and Distress Dimensions of Emotional Distress Disorders. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(1), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-014-9437-y
APA. (2013). College students’ mental health is a growing concern, survey finds. Retrieved September 14, 2020, from Https://www.apa.org website: https://www.apa.org/monitor/2013/06/college-students
Arikunto, S. (2002). Prosedur Penelitian; Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Arikunto, S. (2013). Dasar-dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Azwar, S. (2012). Reliabilitas dan Validitas (1st ed.). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Azwar, S. (2013). Reliabilitas dan Validitas (1st ed.). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Beyers, W., & Goossens, L. (2002). Concurrent and predictive validity of the student adaptation to college questionnaire in a sample of european freshman students. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62, 527–538.
Brook, C. A., & Willoughby, T. (2015). The Social Ties That Bind: Social Anxiety and Academic Achievement Across the University Years. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(5), 1139–1152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0262-8
Chickering, A. W., & Schlossberg, N. K. (1995). Getting the Most out of College. Needham Heights. Maryland: Allyn amd Baccon.
Credé, M., & Niehorster, S. (2012). Adjustment to College as Measured by the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire: A Quantitative Review of its Structure and Relationships with Correlates and Consequences. Educational Psychology Review, 24(1), 133–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-011-9184-5
DeRosier, M. E., & Lloyd, S. W. (2011). The Impact of Children’s Social Adjustment on Academic Outcomes. Reading & Writing Quarterly : Overcoming Learning Difficulties, 27(1), 25–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/10573569.2011.532710
Downey, P. (2005). An exploration of the adjustment processes of freshmen student-athletes and non athlete student (Disertasi). West Virginia University, Virginia.
Edward, A., & Markus, M. (2010). Problems of Democratisation in Indonesia: An Overview,” In Problems of Democratisation in Indonesia: Elections, Institutions and Society. Singapura: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Eshun, S. (2006). Relationship Between Outlook To Life And College Adjustment: An Analysis Of The Role Of Optimism In Stres Appraisal And Overall Mental Health Among College Students. New York: Nova Science Publisher.
Estrada, L., Dupoux, E., & Wolman, C. (2005). The Personal-Emotional Social Adjustment of English-Language Learners to a Community College. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 29(7), 557–568. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668920590954015
Gunarsa, S. D., & Yulia, G. (2001). Psikologi Praktis Anak, Remaja dan Keluarga. Jakarta: Gunung Mulia.
Hastuti, S. M. M., & Sinaga, J. D. (2015). Program Pemantapan Penyesuaian Diri Dengan Bimbingan Dan Konseling Kelompok Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT): Model pendampingan mahasiswa baru. Jurnal Kependidikan, 27, no. 2.
Hidayah, R. (2019). Self-Concept and Social Adjustment of First-Year Students. GATR Journals, 5(2).
Hilgard, E. R., & Atkinson, R. C. (1967). Introduction to Psychology. New York: Brace and World Inc.
Hutz, A., Martin, W. E., & Beitel, M. (2007). Ethnocultural Person—Environment Fit and College Adjustment: Some Implications for College Counselors. Journal of College Counseling, 10(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2007.tb00013.x
Iskandar. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Sosial. Jakarta: Referensi.
Kaljahi, N. E. (2016). The Effects of Academic Adjustment, Social Adjustment and Personal-Emotional Adjustment of Students on Their Academic Performance in Universities of Northern Cyprus. Political Science, 54(2). Retrieved from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Effects-of-Academic-Adjustment%2C-Social-and-of-Kaljahi/24b6fc029b9a3c88f738d3aa6429b260f4bbd72c
Kurdek, L. A. (1987). Sex role self schema and psychological adjustment in coupled homosexual and heterosexual men and women. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 17(9–10), 549–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00287735
Levinson, E. M., & Folino, L. (1994). The Relationship Between the WISC-III and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test with Students Referred for Gifted Evaluation. Special Services in the Schools, 8(2), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1300/J008v08n02_09
Lipka, O., Sarid, M., Aharoni Zorach, I., Bufman, A., Hagag, A. A., & Peretz, H. (2020). Adjustment to Higher Education: A Comparison of Students With and Without Disabilities. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00923
Margono, S. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Mehboob, S., & Shahzad, S. (2019). International Students’ Social Adjustment and Self-Esteem: Are they Interrelated? Global Regional Review, IV(I), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-I).21
Misra, R., & Castillo, L. G. (2004). Academis Stress Among College Students: Comparison of American and International Students. International Journal of Stress Management, Vol.11, No.2, 132–148.
Mudhovozi, P. (2012). Social and Academic Adjustment of First-Year University Students. Journal Social Scienc, 33 (2), 251–259.
Olani, A. (2009). Predicting First Year University Student Academic Succes. Electronical Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 7 (3), 1053–1072.
Priyatno, D. (2010). Paham Analisa Statistik Data dengan SPSS. Yogyakarta: MediaKom.
Ramsay, S., Barker, M., & Jones, E. (1999). Academic Adjustment and Learning Processes: A comparison of international and local students in first‐year university. Higher Education Research & Development, 18(1), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/0729436990180110
Riduwan. (2002). Skala Pengukuran Variabel-Variabel Penelitian. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Santrock, J. W. (2002). Adolescence: Perkembangan Remaja. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Schneiders, A. A. (2005). Personal Adjustmen and Mental Healt. New York: Rinehart and Winston.
Shankland, R., Genolini, C., Riou França, L., Guelfi, J.-D., & Ionescu, S. (2010). Student adjustment to higher education: The role of alternative educational pathways in coping with the demands of student life. Higher Education, 59(3), 353–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9252-7
Strahan, E. Y. (2003). The effects of social anxiety and social skills on academic performance. , , . Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 347–366.
Sugiyono. (2008). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan; Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sukmadinata, N. S. (2005). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Taylor, M. A., & Pastor, D. A. (2005). A Confirmatory factor analysis of the student adaptation to college questionnaire. San Diago: Association of Institutional Research.
Thomas, D. M., Love, K. M., Roan-Belle, C., Tyler, K. M., Brown, C. L., & Garriott, P. O. (2009). Self-Efficacy, Motivation, and Academic Adjustment among African American Women Attending Institutions of Higher Education. The Journal of Negro Education, 78(2), 159–171. JSTOR. Retrieved from JSTOR.
Tomlinson-Clarke, S. (1998). Dimensions of Adjustment among College Women. Journal of College Student Development, 39(4), 364–372.
Waller, T., O. (2009). A mixed method approach for assessing the adjustment of incoming-firt year engineering student in a summer bridge program (Dissertation). Graduate Faculty of The Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Winkel, W. S. (2005). Bimbingan dan konseling di Institusi Pendidikan. Jakarta: Media Abadi.
Winter, M. G., & Yaffe, M. (2000). First Year Student Adjustment To University Life As A Function Of Relationship With Parents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 15, 19–37.
Zubir, D. M. (2012). Hubungan antara Psychological Well-Being dan College Adjustment pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Universitas Indonesia (Skripsi). Universitas Indonesia, Depok.